| Nuxalk - North Wakashan |
Late 18th century until recently
|
| Burmese - Mon |
since the 11th century
|
| Kambaata - Wolaytta |
Recent increase of W. people engaged in trade in K. (in the last couple of years due to political problems that forced W. to leave Hawassa and Shashemane).
|
| Langi - Alagwa |
The present-day
|
| Papapana - Rotokas |
Late-19th century to early 20th century. Bougainville was colonised before this, in around 1884, but European plantations weren't established there until 1908. Before the arrival of Europeans, Papapana speakers mostly only had contact with their neighbouring Rotokas speakers for trade and intermarriage.
|
| Maltese - Sicilian (modern) |
Probably between 1200 and 1900, but it is still ongoing.
|
| Maltese - Sicilian (historical) |
1200-1800. Since approx. 1800 contacts have been mostly through (Tuscan) Italian, which started gaining ground already in mid-1500s.
|
| Ndebele - Tjwao |
B
|
| Kwoma - Manambu |
The last seventy years, from 1950, when intertribal warfare was brought to an end by the national administration and interaction between the two peoples became much safer than previously.
|
| Korandje - North African Arabic |
Ca. 1980-present
|
| FLNA-NLNA |
Intensive trading relations involving s and Macro-Neighbour speakers must have occurred for at least 100 years.
|
| Bainounk Gubeeher - Mandinka |
No information available
|
| Zaza - Turkish |
See KN2 [QID: DKN0a]
|
| Ipili - Hewa |
Definitely, pre-colonial, i.e., before 1938, but with the advent of mining in 1990 more Hewa now come to the Ipili area. With colonialism, the Ipili and Hewa both had violent encounters with Australian colonial patrols. For the Ipili, colonialism brought road building in the higher altitudes of the valley which drew them away from the Lagaip River (the boundary between the Ipili and Hewa). As well, climate change has shifted the altitude at which Anopheles mosquitos are found, and the Ipili have moved upward to avoid malaria. So while it seems that there was more interaction in the past, especially pre-1938 and before, the mining situation has brought more Hewa, but not really for trade, it seems more from Hewa curiosity.
|
| Yuhup - Macuna |
1980-2020
|
| Marind - Marori |
1990-2021
|
| Chipaya - Central Aymara |
the present and recent past (ca. 1800-2000)
|
| Temoaya Otomi - Mexican Spanish |
Approximately since 1950.
|
| Mawng - Kunbarlang |
1600-1800
|
| Alorese - Adang |
Trade-based contact exclusively with the Adang and few other groups was more significant in the past. Nowadays there are many opportunities for the Alorese to interact in trade with the Adang, but also with many other ethnic groups because of better road connections. So, we could say that trade has always been significant for the interactions between the Alorese and the Adang.
|
| Santali - Bengali |
Since 50s of the last centuries.
|
| Bade - Manga Kanuri |
Approx. 500 years
|
| Muak Sa-aak - Tau Lü |
From at least 70 years ago up until the present.
|
| Sibe - Uighur |
1764 - ca. 1860s (ca. 100 years)
|
| Toba - Spanish |
From 1920 to the present.
|
| Western Toba - Wichí |
We presume that there were many opportunities for interaction in trade in earlier centuries, but, in the time frame that we are focusing on, we would say the first half of the 20th Century.
|
| Paluai - Tok Pisin |
The present day.
|
| Burarra - Yolngu Matha |
1600-1800. To capture pre-colonial trade have chosen a large stretch of time leading up to the colonial era
|
| South Saami - NorwegianSwedish |
The Middle Ages (pre-Christianization, cf. Kusmenko 2010).
|
| Kupwar Marathi - Kupwar Kannada |
The largest number of people interacted for trade until about twenty years ago. The lower caste Marathi-speakers are increasingly relying on education and salaried jobs (often outside Kupwar) for better financial prospects.
|
| Yurok - Karuk |
1850-1900
|
| Aleut - Eyak |
prior to 1500 BP, any time between 3000-1500 BP.
|