| Nuxalk - North Wakashan |
No mediation
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| Burmese - Mon |
direct interaction with the community, usually without mediator
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| Kambaata - Wolaytta |
no
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| Langi - Alagwa |
Hannah Gibson - primarily one-on-one interactions for research purposes or interactions mediated by one other community member (research assistant). But then since I was living there for periods of time daily interactions were with a wider range of people.
Maarten Mous - one-to-one and small group interactions.
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| Papapana - Rotokas |
No
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| Maltese - Sicilian (modern) |
Colleagues at italian Universities, among which Palermo, Catania and Messina.
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| Ndebele - Tjwao |
With the Tjwao community, I was help by Davy Ndlovu a language activist who has been working with the Tjwao people since 2010. He is the director of Tsoro-o-tso San Development Trust
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| Kwoma - Manambu |
This researcher worked with a variety of people belonging to different social groups and communicated directly with them, using a mixture of Tok Pisin and Kwoma.
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| Korandje - North African Arabic |
Much of my interaction (not all by any means) was mediated by a couple of younger members of one extended family, who effectively acted as my minders.
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| FLNA-NLNA |
I have been working with my main informant for 17 years (since 2004). I have interacted with many more individuals, when I stayed in Focus families or in markets etc. Since 2004, I can speak myself Focus and make myself understood.
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| Bainounk Gubeeher - Mandinka |
I had a local research assistant, who mediated encounters and established contacts. Other relationships were through members of the family I stayed with, and some contacts were unmediated.
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| Zaza - Turkish |
Mesut Keskin, Silane Ercan (from Zaza community)
Diako Nahid (not from Zaza community) but he is working with hundreds of Zaza people in Germany
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| Ipili - Hewa |
Not really, although I employed a few male field assistants each time I visited. Peter Muyu, Ben Penale, Kipan Wuambo, Gibson Injera, Epe Des, Friday Pakena, Ronald Pius, Solomon Wambe
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| Yuhup - Macuna |
At the beginning it was mediated with Spanish speaking persons. As I learned the Yuhup language and many of them learned Spanish, mediation was only needed on occasion.
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| Marind - Marori |
No, I worked with many people
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| Chipaya - Central Aymara |
No, we interacted with the Chipaya people directly, using Spanish. Note that I once tried to speak Chipaya to them but was told that I am not allowed to use the language as I am an outsider (see my frequent remarks that outsiders do not acquire Chipaya - not only because of the low prestige but also because they are forbidden to speak it).
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| Temoaya Otomi - Mexican Spanish |
Most of the time I interviewed the speakers individually and only in some cases was one more speaker present, who was the contact.
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| Mawng - Kunbarlang |
Over the years I have worked closely with a number of different people, all women, both older women at grandparent age and younger women, 15-25.
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| Alorese - Adang |
Yes, we were always introduced either by the village chief, or members of the host family, or by our local research assistants.
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| Santali - Bengali |
Large number of people in West Midnapur and Jhargram (erstwhile part of Midnapur district),Bankura, Birbhum and Purulia districts of West Bengal. I also surveyed some districts of neighbouring Jharkhand and Odisha states.
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| Bade - Manga Kanuri |
Yes, typically mediated by my language consultants
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| Muak Sa-aak - Tau Lü |
First, a non-Muak Sa-aak person arranged visits and translated for me before I knew the language, when I collected phonology data from three older men.
Since then, primarily two younger educated people, one man and one woman, who are church leaders from two villages that have churches. I have had the most interaction with them.
I have had some interaction from time to time with other members of those villages when they came to Thailand.
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| Sibe - Uighur |
Yes, mostly by 3 of my principal consultants - one female and two male speakers of my age (born in 1968)
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| Toba - Spanish |
In general, interaction with the community has been mediated by bilingual Toba-Spanish speakers. They usually know the Toba language and culture very well and have an important role, such as teacher, preacher, translator.
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| Western Toba - Wichí |
Sometimes we work with interpreters Western Toba-Spanish.
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| Garifuna - Galibi |
[See comment]
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| Paluai - Tok Pisin |
Yes. Keket Maluan, Lorat Molean, Sapulai Papi, Kireng Wari.
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| Nen - Idi |
Yes, a handful of people, as described above. These people were either my consultants, or siblings of my consultants.
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| Burarra - Yolngu Matha |
There is a handful of Burarra women with whom I have worked most regularly – Abigail Carter, Doreen Jingarrabarra, Cindy Jinmarabynana, Laurie Guraylayla and Rebecca Baker.
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| South Saami - NorwegianSwedish |
I have participated in several (formal) gatherings of South Saami, such as meetings, conferences, festivals and the like.
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| Kupwar Marathi - Kupwar Kannada |
In the initial field trips my contact with members of teh community was facilitated by a local doctor and his wife.
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| Aleut - Eyak |
Sometimes; family members or native language activists
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| Wutun - Bonan |
[A few people were main consultants, and then they introdued other community members. These consultants came from the three families mentioned in OE2.]
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